Post by nudawaya on Jan 3, 2014 8:01:57 GMT
“Facts about Nuclear Decontamination”
Decontamination is a myth having a multitude of probable origins back at Oak Ridge when the first Calutron Alpha started churning out 235Uraniun at around 15% enrichment in December of 1941. At approximately 40 times more abundant than silver, uranium ranks as the 48th most abundant of the Periodic Table of Elements. It was found in natural crustal rock of this planet and located only in the process of mining for minerals of higher value. Miners noticed the earliest recorded Uranium minerals for a long time prior to the discovery of Uranium in 1789. The Uranium mineral pitchblende, also known as Uraninite, from the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), Saxony documented as early as 1565.
Martin Klaproth, a German Apothecary and intellectual who was driven by details achieved in the exact and conscientious work ethic. His appreciation of the value of quantitative methods led him to become one of the earliest adherents of the Lavoisierian Doctrines outside France. Klaproth improved and systematized the processes of analytical chemistry and mineralogy and first isolated an Oxide of Uranium while analyzing pitchblende samples from the Joachimsal silver mines. Located in the former Kingdom of Bohemia, having a rich rhapsody in history that existed prior to the mercurially blurted, rock opera of the singer, Freddie’s and his band with the queer choice for a name; Queen. Say what you will he was a brilliant singer and I miss his voice, so a loss for all of us, looking at the big picture.
As segues go, I am reminded with the capital and largest city of kissed with the name Prague, I doubt Freddie Prince ever made it there as it became Czechoslovakia. Before the financial collapse of the USSR the two counties shared a union within Soviet Union’s former Super-Power status and the area was referred to as Czech Republic, so few westerners went there.
Wait you thought I was going for the pun in a serious journalism piece?
Okay, not that serious but I read all this material before presenting it to you and trust me it is even more bone dry than my humor.
These days post the Czech Republic’s and Slovakia’s peaceful dissolution on 1 January 1993, Prague remains one of Eastern Europe’s greatest cities and visited regularly by the westerners. The 70s and 80s were tumultuous times during the Cold War. Contrary to the Bill Murray character in the movie “Stripes” as the slacker John Winger, Czechoslovakia absolutely no similarities to Wisconsin, what so ever. Although I can see how Harold Ramis could get his ass-kicked in Wisconsin.
“The Atomic Annie Oakley”
Marie Curie used pitchblende ore from Jáchymov to isolate the element Radium, a decay product of Uranium; her death was from aplastic anemia, almost certainly due to exposure to radioactivity. Her decontamination is decidedly a matter of decomposition and decay, the later reserved for the isotope, as far as the former process even Mozart had to decompose.
Decontamination by decomposition.
Until World War II, Uranium mining done was primarily for the Radium content. Because Uranium ore is the source for Radium and sought out for use as luminous paint for watch dials and other instruments.
“Takes a Licking but didn’t keep Ticking”
“The Radium Girls” were female factory workers who contracted radiation poisoning from painting watch dials with glow-in-the-dark paint at the United States Radium factory in Orange, New Jersey, around 1917. The women, who had been told the paint was harmless, ingested deadly amounts of Radium by licking their paintbrushes to give them a fine point; some also painted their fingernails and teeth with the glowing substance.
The corporation hired some 70 women to perform various tasks including the handling of radium all the while the owners and the scientists familiar with the effects of Radium carefully avoided any exposure to it themselves. For them safety was job one as the chemists at the plant used lead screens, masks and tongs. US Radium had even distributed literature to the medical community describing the “injurious effects” of Radium.
Of the estimated 4,000 workers hired by corporations in the U.S. and Canada to paint watch faces with Radium, none left alive today nor in 2000, 1990, 1980, 1970, heck most died before World War II. They mixed glue and water with Radium powder, and then using camelhair brushes, they would apply the glowing paint onto dials.
The Environmental Perception Agency would of course get right on this today, ordering an extensive study of camel hair and perhaps even dromedary hair as well. They like to hump the public twice when ever possible like any government agency currently but then as you will see, nothing has changed from those days.
The then-current rate of pay, for painting 250 dials a day, was a penny and a half per dial ($0.27 per dial in today's terms). The brushes would lose shape after a few strokes, so the U.S. Radium supervisors encouraged their workers to point the brushes with their lips, or use their tongues to keep them sharp. These sorts of helpful brush tips, suggested during supervisor meetings away from the paint shop floor not on the floor, as even the supervisors knew the danger. Armed with such “facts” it seemed only logical to have some “Flapper, Roaring Twenties Kicks” with this obviously harmless, but highly luminescent, paint.
See kids our grand parents did body modification long before you were a twinkle in your daddies’ eyes. I wonder what is in that colored ink not to mention the Indian ink you injected into your skin. I insisted on sterilizing everything used on me before I got mine.
Sorry, but you have to learn how to do these things and as so many of you don’t think past a bottle of beer or your first toke, you may not fathom long term repercussions for the choices made in haste.
Therefore, with that youthful desire for fun, the Radium Girls painted their nails, teeth, faces and other places with the very deadly paint that US Radium produced at the factory. Many of both the workers and their husbands/boyfriends became sick. It is unknown how many died from exposure to radiation either directly or by lingering, cancerous malignancies, aplastic anemia, leukemia, oral necrosis, and genital necrosis.
“The Official Government Action”
“Many of the women later began to suffer from anemia, bone fractures and necrosis of the jaw, a condition now known as radium jaw. There were postulations that the X-ray machines, used by the medical investigators, may have contributed to some of the sickened workers' ill health by subjecting them to additional radiation. It turned out at least one of the examinations was a ruse, part of a campaign of disinformation started by a Defense Contractor (As a defense contractor, U.S. Radium was a major supplier of radio luminescent watches to the military.). U.S. Radium and other watch-dial companies rejected claims that the afflicted workers were suffering from exposure to Radium. For some time, doctors, dentists, and researchers complied with requests from the companies not to release their data. At the urging of the companies, the worker’s deaths were by medical professionals, attributed to other causes. The chief being syphilis, a notorious sexually transmitted disease at the time, it often cited in attempts to smear the reputations of the women.
Decontamination by defamation of character remains one of the chiefly effective policies still in use by the Nuclear Industry and its Federal bodyguard the Department of Energy.
How far our syphilization… Er, civilization has managed to rise from such behavior.
The author has now reached my cruising altitude of moral and ethical outrage and the “Sarcasm Light” is now on.
Radium use in watch dials was well into the 50’s and did not end until the 60’s and one can still drive by antique stores and have a Geiger counter peg because of the old watches some of them have collected on their shelves. Some years back I wrote a short story called “Personal Enrichment”, it was the tale of a brilliant loner, much like me (Purely a legend in my own mind) who had a rather annoying neighbor with a surly dog that he would not keep under control. He decides after on incident after another with the dog attacking him and the neighbor flinging the pooches poop into his well maintained, Zen Garden, of a back lawn, that if the neighbor insisted on using landmines, he would escalate to the nuclear option. By collecting and scraping old watches, some ‘Neutron Gun Fun’, and archeological digging in a Chicago park he manages to join the Nuclear Club.
“The first, one on his block to become a nuclear power by the way and surely the envy of the neighbors as not even the Sainsbury’s Fourth of July Fireworks could hold a Roman Candle to his destructive might.”
It was published and immediately got me all sorts of attention but not from publishing houses but Federal Agencies as I gave complete, factual and through details of the entire process form enrichment to detonation. Their publishing contract they offered was 10 to 15 years to start if I ever published the complete work again and looking back, I see the folly after hearing about how far the Nuclear Boy Scout managed to get with his project.
Decontamination by apathy and multiple, random, out of the way, storage, sales shelves, in a shop near you.
Radium had pharmaceutical revenues as well, for health-related applications, some of which in retrospect might have been harmful. Even the, at the time by product, uranium was used mostly as a yellow pigment for tablets and you thought M and M red number 5 was bad, didn’t you. Better living through chemistry and the dawning of the Atomic Age saw health spas and all natures of natural tonics prepared with Radium’s efficacious and invigorating glow. Both licensed and unlicensed practitioners peddled this viperous venom as a cure all but then the only thing that has changed about these, Snake oil, sales representatives is the cut of their suits and size of their bank accounts.
Little data can be found from back then, when liquid Morphine was still an over the counter remedy, From 1898 through to 1910, diacetylmorphine was marketed under the trademark name Heroin as a non-addictive morphine substitute and cough suppressant, and Coke really was the “real thing” with cocaine added into the mix. Here is a medical piece from “Lancet” if you want to peer into the murky world of radioisotope misuse or just look at Fukushima.
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673601208873
The indigent and black community, were subjected to radioactive injections without their knowledge in a series of cruel and barbaric test to monitor the effects of isotopes as they became discovered them.
“Between 1960 and 1971, the Department of Defense funded non-consensual whole body radiation experiments on poor, black cancer patients, who were not told what was being done to them. Patients were told that they were receiving a "treatment" that might cure their cancer, but the Pentagon was trying to determine the effects of high levels of radiation on the human body. One of the doctors involved in the experiments, Robert Stone, was worried about litigation by the patients. He referred to them only by their initials on the medical reports. He did this so that, in his words, "there will be no means by which the patients can ever connect themselves up with the report", in order to prevent "either adverse publicity or litigation".
“From 1960 to 1971, Dr. Eugene Saenger, funded by the Defense Atomic Support Agency, performed whole body radiation experiments on more than 90 poor, black, terminally ill cancer patients with inoperable tumors at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center. He forged consent forms, and did not inform the patients of the risks of irradiation. The patients were given 100 or more rads (1 Gy) of whole-body radiation, which in many caused intense pain and vomiting. Critics have questioned the medical rationale for this study, and contend that the main purpose of the research was to study the acute effects of radiation exposure.”
“From 1963 to 1973, a leading endocrinologist, Dr. Carl Heller, irradiated the testicles of Oregon and Washington prisoners. In return for their participation, he gave them $5 a month, and $100 when they had to receive a vasectomy upon conclusion of the trial. The surgeon who sterilized the men said that it was necessary to "keep from contaminating the general population with radiation-induced mutants". Dr. Joseph Hamilton, one of the researchers who had worked with Heller on the experiments, said that the experiments "had a little of the Buchenwald touch".
“In 1963, University of Washington researchers irradiated the testes of 232 prisoners to determine the effects of radiation on testicular function. When these inmates later left prison and had children, at least four of them had offspring born with birth defects. The exact number is unknown because researchers never followed up on the status of the subjects.”
Decontamination by ingestion, injection, inhalation and biological storage, removal, and contain bulk storage as rad-waste post mortem.
Natural uranium consists of 99.2745% 238Uranium the remainder of 0.7%, being the required 235U or the Manhattan Project would have ended in Trinity being fizzle instead of our species’ metaphoric entry into the Atomic Age with a Bang. With simple mined Uranium, only the latter is fissile and after being enriched before it can enrich our lives in oh, so many ways.
While I do not believe any of the darlings of the Manhattan Project defense contract “the Calutron Girls”, were ever endangered by the effects of ionizing radiation one can speculate the fate of the technical and maintenance staff. They had to develop “Scraping tool” to keep the accumulated 235U and associated residual “gunk” from reducing the machines already abysmal efficiency at isolating this required isotope.
This is where I will end the first segment and what was the original first segment edited starts at the Chicago Pile experiments.
For you folks new to all of this, I am afraid what I have documented here is not even the tip of the iceberg when it comes to nuclear energy. I only cited the focused medical testing with radioisotopes of the earlier decades, not the military, corporate and even agency-controlled test done on entire communities without one bit of permission. This is still occurring to this very day.
Therefore, you still think they are going to tell you what is really happening at Fukushima.
Next is meltdowns you never knew and some you do.
Decontamination is a myth having a multitude of probable origins back at Oak Ridge when the first Calutron Alpha started churning out 235Uraniun at around 15% enrichment in December of 1941. At approximately 40 times more abundant than silver, uranium ranks as the 48th most abundant of the Periodic Table of Elements. It was found in natural crustal rock of this planet and located only in the process of mining for minerals of higher value. Miners noticed the earliest recorded Uranium minerals for a long time prior to the discovery of Uranium in 1789. The Uranium mineral pitchblende, also known as Uraninite, from the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), Saxony documented as early as 1565.
Martin Klaproth, a German Apothecary and intellectual who was driven by details achieved in the exact and conscientious work ethic. His appreciation of the value of quantitative methods led him to become one of the earliest adherents of the Lavoisierian Doctrines outside France. Klaproth improved and systematized the processes of analytical chemistry and mineralogy and first isolated an Oxide of Uranium while analyzing pitchblende samples from the Joachimsal silver mines. Located in the former Kingdom of Bohemia, having a rich rhapsody in history that existed prior to the mercurially blurted, rock opera of the singer, Freddie’s and his band with the queer choice for a name; Queen. Say what you will he was a brilliant singer and I miss his voice, so a loss for all of us, looking at the big picture.
As segues go, I am reminded with the capital and largest city of kissed with the name Prague, I doubt Freddie Prince ever made it there as it became Czechoslovakia. Before the financial collapse of the USSR the two counties shared a union within Soviet Union’s former Super-Power status and the area was referred to as Czech Republic, so few westerners went there.
Wait you thought I was going for the pun in a serious journalism piece?
Okay, not that serious but I read all this material before presenting it to you and trust me it is even more bone dry than my humor.
These days post the Czech Republic’s and Slovakia’s peaceful dissolution on 1 January 1993, Prague remains one of Eastern Europe’s greatest cities and visited regularly by the westerners. The 70s and 80s were tumultuous times during the Cold War. Contrary to the Bill Murray character in the movie “Stripes” as the slacker John Winger, Czechoslovakia absolutely no similarities to Wisconsin, what so ever. Although I can see how Harold Ramis could get his ass-kicked in Wisconsin.
“The Atomic Annie Oakley”
Marie Curie used pitchblende ore from Jáchymov to isolate the element Radium, a decay product of Uranium; her death was from aplastic anemia, almost certainly due to exposure to radioactivity. Her decontamination is decidedly a matter of decomposition and decay, the later reserved for the isotope, as far as the former process even Mozart had to decompose.
Decontamination by decomposition.
Until World War II, Uranium mining done was primarily for the Radium content. Because Uranium ore is the source for Radium and sought out for use as luminous paint for watch dials and other instruments.
“Takes a Licking but didn’t keep Ticking”
“The Radium Girls” were female factory workers who contracted radiation poisoning from painting watch dials with glow-in-the-dark paint at the United States Radium factory in Orange, New Jersey, around 1917. The women, who had been told the paint was harmless, ingested deadly amounts of Radium by licking their paintbrushes to give them a fine point; some also painted their fingernails and teeth with the glowing substance.
The corporation hired some 70 women to perform various tasks including the handling of radium all the while the owners and the scientists familiar with the effects of Radium carefully avoided any exposure to it themselves. For them safety was job one as the chemists at the plant used lead screens, masks and tongs. US Radium had even distributed literature to the medical community describing the “injurious effects” of Radium.
Of the estimated 4,000 workers hired by corporations in the U.S. and Canada to paint watch faces with Radium, none left alive today nor in 2000, 1990, 1980, 1970, heck most died before World War II. They mixed glue and water with Radium powder, and then using camelhair brushes, they would apply the glowing paint onto dials.
The Environmental Perception Agency would of course get right on this today, ordering an extensive study of camel hair and perhaps even dromedary hair as well. They like to hump the public twice when ever possible like any government agency currently but then as you will see, nothing has changed from those days.
The then-current rate of pay, for painting 250 dials a day, was a penny and a half per dial ($0.27 per dial in today's terms). The brushes would lose shape after a few strokes, so the U.S. Radium supervisors encouraged their workers to point the brushes with their lips, or use their tongues to keep them sharp. These sorts of helpful brush tips, suggested during supervisor meetings away from the paint shop floor not on the floor, as even the supervisors knew the danger. Armed with such “facts” it seemed only logical to have some “Flapper, Roaring Twenties Kicks” with this obviously harmless, but highly luminescent, paint.
See kids our grand parents did body modification long before you were a twinkle in your daddies’ eyes. I wonder what is in that colored ink not to mention the Indian ink you injected into your skin. I insisted on sterilizing everything used on me before I got mine.
Sorry, but you have to learn how to do these things and as so many of you don’t think past a bottle of beer or your first toke, you may not fathom long term repercussions for the choices made in haste.
Therefore, with that youthful desire for fun, the Radium Girls painted their nails, teeth, faces and other places with the very deadly paint that US Radium produced at the factory. Many of both the workers and their husbands/boyfriends became sick. It is unknown how many died from exposure to radiation either directly or by lingering, cancerous malignancies, aplastic anemia, leukemia, oral necrosis, and genital necrosis.
“The Official Government Action”
“Many of the women later began to suffer from anemia, bone fractures and necrosis of the jaw, a condition now known as radium jaw. There were postulations that the X-ray machines, used by the medical investigators, may have contributed to some of the sickened workers' ill health by subjecting them to additional radiation. It turned out at least one of the examinations was a ruse, part of a campaign of disinformation started by a Defense Contractor (As a defense contractor, U.S. Radium was a major supplier of radio luminescent watches to the military.). U.S. Radium and other watch-dial companies rejected claims that the afflicted workers were suffering from exposure to Radium. For some time, doctors, dentists, and researchers complied with requests from the companies not to release their data. At the urging of the companies, the worker’s deaths were by medical professionals, attributed to other causes. The chief being syphilis, a notorious sexually transmitted disease at the time, it often cited in attempts to smear the reputations of the women.
Decontamination by defamation of character remains one of the chiefly effective policies still in use by the Nuclear Industry and its Federal bodyguard the Department of Energy.
How far our syphilization… Er, civilization has managed to rise from such behavior.
The author has now reached my cruising altitude of moral and ethical outrage and the “Sarcasm Light” is now on.
Radium use in watch dials was well into the 50’s and did not end until the 60’s and one can still drive by antique stores and have a Geiger counter peg because of the old watches some of them have collected on their shelves. Some years back I wrote a short story called “Personal Enrichment”, it was the tale of a brilliant loner, much like me (Purely a legend in my own mind) who had a rather annoying neighbor with a surly dog that he would not keep under control. He decides after on incident after another with the dog attacking him and the neighbor flinging the pooches poop into his well maintained, Zen Garden, of a back lawn, that if the neighbor insisted on using landmines, he would escalate to the nuclear option. By collecting and scraping old watches, some ‘Neutron Gun Fun’, and archeological digging in a Chicago park he manages to join the Nuclear Club.
“The first, one on his block to become a nuclear power by the way and surely the envy of the neighbors as not even the Sainsbury’s Fourth of July Fireworks could hold a Roman Candle to his destructive might.”
It was published and immediately got me all sorts of attention but not from publishing houses but Federal Agencies as I gave complete, factual and through details of the entire process form enrichment to detonation. Their publishing contract they offered was 10 to 15 years to start if I ever published the complete work again and looking back, I see the folly after hearing about how far the Nuclear Boy Scout managed to get with his project.
Decontamination by apathy and multiple, random, out of the way, storage, sales shelves, in a shop near you.
Radium had pharmaceutical revenues as well, for health-related applications, some of which in retrospect might have been harmful. Even the, at the time by product, uranium was used mostly as a yellow pigment for tablets and you thought M and M red number 5 was bad, didn’t you. Better living through chemistry and the dawning of the Atomic Age saw health spas and all natures of natural tonics prepared with Radium’s efficacious and invigorating glow. Both licensed and unlicensed practitioners peddled this viperous venom as a cure all but then the only thing that has changed about these, Snake oil, sales representatives is the cut of their suits and size of their bank accounts.
Little data can be found from back then, when liquid Morphine was still an over the counter remedy, From 1898 through to 1910, diacetylmorphine was marketed under the trademark name Heroin as a non-addictive morphine substitute and cough suppressant, and Coke really was the “real thing” with cocaine added into the mix. Here is a medical piece from “Lancet” if you want to peer into the murky world of radioisotope misuse or just look at Fukushima.
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673601208873
The indigent and black community, were subjected to radioactive injections without their knowledge in a series of cruel and barbaric test to monitor the effects of isotopes as they became discovered them.
“Between 1960 and 1971, the Department of Defense funded non-consensual whole body radiation experiments on poor, black cancer patients, who were not told what was being done to them. Patients were told that they were receiving a "treatment" that might cure their cancer, but the Pentagon was trying to determine the effects of high levels of radiation on the human body. One of the doctors involved in the experiments, Robert Stone, was worried about litigation by the patients. He referred to them only by their initials on the medical reports. He did this so that, in his words, "there will be no means by which the patients can ever connect themselves up with the report", in order to prevent "either adverse publicity or litigation".
“From 1960 to 1971, Dr. Eugene Saenger, funded by the Defense Atomic Support Agency, performed whole body radiation experiments on more than 90 poor, black, terminally ill cancer patients with inoperable tumors at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center. He forged consent forms, and did not inform the patients of the risks of irradiation. The patients were given 100 or more rads (1 Gy) of whole-body radiation, which in many caused intense pain and vomiting. Critics have questioned the medical rationale for this study, and contend that the main purpose of the research was to study the acute effects of radiation exposure.”
“From 1963 to 1973, a leading endocrinologist, Dr. Carl Heller, irradiated the testicles of Oregon and Washington prisoners. In return for their participation, he gave them $5 a month, and $100 when they had to receive a vasectomy upon conclusion of the trial. The surgeon who sterilized the men said that it was necessary to "keep from contaminating the general population with radiation-induced mutants". Dr. Joseph Hamilton, one of the researchers who had worked with Heller on the experiments, said that the experiments "had a little of the Buchenwald touch".
“In 1963, University of Washington researchers irradiated the testes of 232 prisoners to determine the effects of radiation on testicular function. When these inmates later left prison and had children, at least four of them had offspring born with birth defects. The exact number is unknown because researchers never followed up on the status of the subjects.”
Decontamination by ingestion, injection, inhalation and biological storage, removal, and contain bulk storage as rad-waste post mortem.
Natural uranium consists of 99.2745% 238Uranium the remainder of 0.7%, being the required 235U or the Manhattan Project would have ended in Trinity being fizzle instead of our species’ metaphoric entry into the Atomic Age with a Bang. With simple mined Uranium, only the latter is fissile and after being enriched before it can enrich our lives in oh, so many ways.
While I do not believe any of the darlings of the Manhattan Project defense contract “the Calutron Girls”, were ever endangered by the effects of ionizing radiation one can speculate the fate of the technical and maintenance staff. They had to develop “Scraping tool” to keep the accumulated 235U and associated residual “gunk” from reducing the machines already abysmal efficiency at isolating this required isotope.
This is where I will end the first segment and what was the original first segment edited starts at the Chicago Pile experiments.
For you folks new to all of this, I am afraid what I have documented here is not even the tip of the iceberg when it comes to nuclear energy. I only cited the focused medical testing with radioisotopes of the earlier decades, not the military, corporate and even agency-controlled test done on entire communities without one bit of permission. This is still occurring to this very day.
Therefore, you still think they are going to tell you what is really happening at Fukushima.
Next is meltdowns you never knew and some you do.